In Srimad Bhagavad-gita Krishna explained the evolution of consciousness. Krishna explained how the conditioned souls can advance from irreligious life into yoga and how their practice of buddhi-yoga can evolve from karma-yoga, jnana-yoga, and dhyana-yoga into bhakti-yoga. In this way we can understand that the gist of all the scriptures is present in Srimad Bhagavad-gita and that everything essential for the spiritual evolution of all conditioned souls is explained there.
The position of Srimad Bhagavad-gita has been explained in poetry form,
Sarvopanisado gavo dogdha gopala-nandanah
partho vatsah sudhir bhokta dugdham gitamrtam mahat
«The Gitopanisad, Srimad Bhagavad-gita, which contains the essence of all the Upanisads and Vedas, is just like a cow, and Lord Krishna, who is most famous for His Pastimes as a cowherd boy, is milking this cow. Arjuna is just like a calf, asking question after question to draw out the cow’s milk, and all those who are sudhir, who have real inspiration for Krishna consciousness, drink the cow’s milk, which is the nectar of Srimad Bhagavad-gita.»
This is our conception of Srimad Bhagavad-gita. Bhagavan Sri Krishna mercifully gave His divine glance to everyone through His lecture to Arjuna. He distributed the essence of the Vedas and all the scriptures for the spiritual evolution of everyone.
We have a very nice book made from the lectures of Srila Guru Maharaj, Srila Bhakti Raksak Sridhar Dev-Goswami Maharaj, named Subjective Evolution of Consciousness. Evolution means the gradual improvement of a substance. I consider that the idea of evolution is good; there is no problem with the idea of spiritual evolution. We can always see things moving up, step-by-step, towards the divine form of Reality. And we can see Reality’s divine form also, step-by-step, effulgently evolving. Evolution is standard actually. It is always in front of everyone and it is the law of the spiritual world.
The line of progress for spiritual evolution coming to the conditioned souls from Krishna is known as amnaya. Amnaya means divine knowledge coming down through the Vedic channel, it means the revealed scriptures, which are apauruseya, not made by any mundane man. Amnaya is always fully divine. It descends down from Sri Krishna’s flute-song through one channel, the Vedic channel. Vedavyas caught, organised, and distributed everything coming down through the amnaya-parampara for the spiritual benefit of everyone. Vedavyas divided that knowledge and presented it in the form of the Vedas: the Sama, Yajur, Rg, and Atharva Vedas, the Ayurveda, the Mahabharata, and so on. Krishna enlightens the conditioned souls about spiritual evolution and religious life through amnaya.
But when Krishna personally teaches the conditioned souls, He does not present only spiritual evolution. He presents spiritual revolution. Everything Krishna Himself does is always revolutionary. Revolution is the actual subject and factor of Krishna. Why? By Krishna’s will the Vedas, Vedanta, Upanisads, eighteen Puranas, and so on appeared in this world. All of their teachings gradually lead everyone towards worshipping Krishna. Also, Krishna descended in so many different forms — Matsya, Kurma, Varaha, Vaman, Rama, and so on — and taught proper Vedic religious behaviour. Krishna Himself, however, always knocks the Vedic channel. He always minimises the teachings of the Vedas.
This is miraculous. I am surprised by this, and not only temporarily. I am permanently surprised by this. I have also read almost all the different kinds of sastra, and I have read them under the guidance of Srila Guru Maharaj. I know the subjects they teach and what subjective evolution is. But Krishna’s dismissal of the Vedic teachings must be surprising to almost everyone. It must be surprising to hear that the final advice of the Vedas is to ignore the general line of progress the Vedas teach!
The revolutionary knowledge that Krishna Himself wants to distribute to the conditioned souls is Vedesu durlabham, «very rare to get in the Vedas.» Sri Brahma-samhita (5.56) says, «Vidantas te santah ksiti-virala-charah katipaye: it is only known to very few sadhus in this world, so few that they can be counted on our fingers.» It is very rare to get!
What evidence can there be for the revolutionary idea that the final advice of the Vedas is to abandon them? The primary evidence for this is found in Krishna’s instructions to Uddhava in Srimad Bhagavatam. Krishna first gave a clue about His revolutionary teachings to Arjuna at the end of Srimad Bhagavad-gita with His verse sarva-dharman parityajya Mam ekam saranam vraja. But Srimad Bhagavatam begins from that stage. Srimad Bhagavatam begins from Krishna’s teaching not of a subjective evolution of consciousness but of a subjective revolution of consciousness. In Krishna’s instruction to Uddhava in Srimad Bhagavatam we find Krishna’s revolutionary teaching from the conclusion of Srimad Bhagavad-gita expressed more clearly:
tasmat tvam uddhavotsrjya chodanam pratichodanam
pravrttin cha nivrttin cha srotavyam srutam eva cha
mam ekam eva saranam atmanam sarva-dehinam
yahi sarvatma-bhavena maya sya hy akuto-bhayah
Krishna’s first condition in His instruction to Uddhava was, «Uddhavotsrjya! Uddhava! Whatever rules and regulations were given by the Vedas, everything that was given in the Vedas for the spiritual evolution and upliftment of the conditioned souls to the transcendental abode, all of that you should avoid! Not only avoid: if it comes to you, throw it away!»
Prabhupad Srila Saraswati Thakur explained the word utsrjya in this way. I heard from Srila Guru Maharaj that Srila Saraswati Thakur used a word in the Oriyan language, phaphadiba, that meant, «Throw it away!»
What is being avoided and thrown away? Krishna says, «Chodanam pratichodanam: the inspiration given in the scriptures for following the perfect evolutionary Vedic line, both the sruti and the smrti, is to be avoided. Pravrttin cha nivrttin cha: leave both your attachment and detachment. If you have attachment to some type of food, leave that type of food. If you have detachment from wealth, leave behind that mentality; don’t care whether wealth comes to you or not. Srotavyam srutam eva cha: leave aside all that you have heard before, srutam, and all that you will hear in the future, srotavyam; all the knowledge you have gathered before and all the knowledge you may collect in the future. Avoid all of it. Leave behind and avoid anything that you have heard or will hear other than the consciousness of eternal service to Me.
«What should you do? What should be your mood? Mam ekam eva saranam Atmanam sarva-dehinam: surrender to Me! Who am I? I am the Supreme Personality of Godhead, the emporium of all rasa, the ecstatic ocean of rasa. All your necessities will be fulfilled when you come to Me, take shelter of Me, and surrender to Me. You will not lose anything by that because I am all-in-all. I live in the heart of everyone. Not one soul can exist without Me.»
Dva suparna sayuja sakhaya
samanam vrksam parisasvajate
«I live with every jiva-soul like a bird next to them on a tree branch, and I watch all of their activities. Atmanam sarva-dehinam yahi sarvatma-bhavena: surrender to Me! You will be fully occupied by Me. I am so powerful. Sarva-karana-karanam: I can do anything, everything, something, and nothing. All power is within Me. You have nothing to fear.»
In this way Krishna expressed His revolutionary advice: «The laws, rules and regulations, the procedures beneficial in the lives of practitioners given in the Vedas, you can ignore all of them and come exclusively to My channel, that is, surrender to Me and serve.»
Krishna is always fully independent and detached from the general line of the Vedas. He is revolutionary and supreme. Krishna Himself has deeply exposed the position of the exclusively surrendered soul, showing that it is not a factor whether he is externally good or externally bad according to the rules and regulations of the scriptures.
In his Upadesamrta (6), Srila Rupa Goswami gave a standard and sweet explanation of our vision of a surrendered soul:
Drstaih svabhava-janitair vapusas cha dosair
na prakrtatvam iha bhakta janasya pasyet
gangambhasam na khalu budbuda-phena-pankair
brahma-dravatvam apagachchhati nira-dharmaih
Srila Rupa Goswami smilingly said, «O boy! Though you are unqualified, don’t be fickle-minded: never hesitate to give honour to the Vaisnava. You must try to understand that the pure nature of the Vaisnava is like the pure nature of the Ganges. Water is everywhere, but Ganges water is Ganges water. Ganges water comes down from Lord Visnu’s lotus feet and is fully transcendental. Ganges water is never polluted by dirty things. Many dirty things may appear in the Ganges but Ganges water is still Ganges water; it never loses its transcendental quality. You must give honour to the Ganges in this way, and you should give honour to the Vaisnava in the same way.
«The Vaisnava is to be considered pure in the way the Ganges is always considered pure. A devotee may fall down, or you may see him fall down, but where he may fall down to, and where he has gone up to, you do not know. You are only seeing him with your vision. Only up to that point are you able to see him. You do not know his actual position. If he has pure devotion, you must not dishonour him, and you must not make offence to him. You should always consider him pure, even if his body is filled with itching boils and diseases, or his behaviour appears improper.»
This is Srila Rupa Goswami Prabhu’s explanation of how to view a devotee of the Lord. Krishna’s explanation is revolutionary and miraculous. Krishna said,
api chet suduracharo bhajate mam ananya-bhak
sadhur eva sa mantavyah samyag vyavasito hi sah
«Through your vision of Vedic knowledge and your understanding of good and bad, if you see an exclusively dedicated devotee of Mine, an ananya-bhak-bhakta, doing something terribly wrong, or you see some very bad quality in him, you must never think that he is not My devotee. You must never think that he is not perfect and that what he does is also not perfect. It is My declaration that anyone who is My surrendered devotee is a sadhu, and what he does is always right because of his exclusive devotional mood.»
This is very difficult to understand. Bad is bad and good is good. We have learned what is good and what is bad in all the scriptures. Durachara means someone whose actions are against the Vedic rules and regulations, and sudurachara means someone whose actions are extremely bad in this respect. How can we digest that someone who does something wrong in this way is actually right and perfect? What is this? Is Krishna saying that, because His devotee has the proper resolve to serve Him, even if His devotee slapped someone, still he has done very well and made no offence? Is Krishna saying that everything His devotee has done is very good? That even if His devotee is doing wrong, it is very good? Yes! Samyag vyavasito hi sah: Krishna is saying that His devotees are ananya-bhak, leading exclusive devotional lives, and that if any disturbance appears within their lives He does not care, and His devotee does not get any reaction for that. Naturally action and reaction are always happening in this world: «To every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.» But Krishna does not care.
This is still very difficult to understand. Even the twelve Mahajans had trouble with this point and discussed it over and over. The twelve Mahajans could accept this declaration of Krishna faithfully, but when they heard that this was Krishna’s final, conclusive declaration, and considered the meaning of His expression, they were confused about how to harmonise it with their relative vision. After they discussed the verse for some time they decided that if Krishna said His exclusive devotee could do wrong externally but still be rightly situated, then they would have to believe it. But when they read Krishna’s next expression they became even more confused.
ksipram bhavati dharmatma sasvach-chhantim nigachchhati
kaunteya pratijanihi na me bhaktah pranasyati
Here Krishna declares, «My exclusively dedicated devotee may do great wrong externally, but what he does is also perfect because he is engaged in remembering and serving Me. Through his surrendered devotional mood he will be purified, and his defects will be dispelled. He will become dharmatma, virtuous. He will become peaceful eternally, and he will not have any more trouble in the future. So declare to everyone that My devotees are never vanquished.» Krishna promises this to His unalloyed devotees and everyone.
Srila Visvanath Chakravarti Thakur also very nicely added in his Sanskrit commentary on Srimad Bhagavad-gita that Krishna meant, «O Arjuna, I sometimes have had to break My promises for the sake of My devotees, so even if I promise to everyone, ‘Na Me bhaktah pranasyati: My devotees are never destroyed’, everyone may still have some doubt about it. So it is My order that you promise this, that you promise that My devotees are never destroyed. I cannot always keep My promises, and you cannot always keep your promises either. But I always keep the promises of My devotees, and everyone knows this. So you promise that My devotees will never be ruined, and I will make sure your promise is fulfilled.» In this way Krishna gave total assurance to everyone that His devotees are never vanquished.
Question: I have heard many different explanations of this verse api chet suduracharo. I have heard one interpretation that the wrong behaviour, sudurachara, is only apparent in our vision, and I have heard another interpretation that the devotee’s behaviour is actually wrong. But my question is, in whose estimation is someone an ananya-bhak-bhakta, an exclusively surrendered devotee?
Srila Govinda Maharaj: In the verse api chet suduracharo bhajate Mam ananya-bhak, Krishna indicates that if you see anything bad in the character of His devotees then you should not judge them, insult them, or make any offence to them. You may choose not to associate with them, but you should also overlook their faults. You should never consider that they are actually wrongdoers, sudurachara. Rather, you should try with consciousness to see how their spiritual life is going on and honour them as devotees of the Lord. You must think, «They have the golden property of surrender and devotion in their hearts (ananya-bhak bhakti). They are devotees of Krishna, and they would never do anything wrong willingly. Howsoever they happen to act is surely for the satisfaction of the Lord and must be positive.»
If a piece of gold falls into a dirty place it is still respected as gold. It will not be ignored or dismissed. Similarly, you should never ignore the golden property in the hearts of devotees. You should always consider that the golden property of devotion is within them. Even if their activity does not appear proper you should never ignore the golden property within them. At any moment that gold may be taken out of that dirty place and shine cleanly. You should be very serious and cautious before commenting anything negative about them. For your own safety you should be very careful not to make any offence to them. This is the meaning of sadhur eva sa mantavyah.
Krishna’s next verse, ksipram bhavati dharmatma sasvach-chhantim nigachchhati, also supports this idea. Srila Bhakti Vinod Thakur relieved the confusion of the Mahajans by explaining that in this verse Krishna means, «If you consciously consider that their activity is not bad but really is good, that they are fully surrendered to Krishna and what you thought was bad in their character was actually good, then you will become righteous and peaceful, then you will become a great devotee of Krishna.»
In our life we can see everything as our enemy, and we can also see everything as our friend. Our duty is to make friends, not enemies, and if we try heart and soul to do this through this revolutionary adjustment of our consciousness given by Krishna, then we must get a good result, and what looks bad to us now we will see in the future is actually good for us.
In this way we can understand the revolutionary teachings of Krishna. He makes the rules. He reveals the Vedic scriptures and evolutionary spiritual teachings, and He also dismisses them. He makes the rules, and He also breaks the rules.
It is very difficult for general people to digest. Many persons are able to understand something about Vedic knowledge, Vedic culture, philosophy, and so on, but they struggle to understand this finest point. The main point of understanding needed to harmonise everything — to properly understand Krishna’s revolutionary teaching — is given by Krishna in the Padma-purana:
man-nimittam krtam papam api dharmaya kalpate
mam anadrtya dharmo ’pi papam syan mat-prabhavatah
Krishna says, «Anything you do for Me, even if it is sinful according to Vedic law, is actually a pious act (dharma), and anything you do that is not for Me, even if it is pious according to Vedic law, is actually a sinful act.»
Krishna’s advice is revolutionary but also simple. It is actually a direct description of the jiva-soul’s position as His eternal servant. Krishna’s teaching is actually an expression of the universal spirituality natural to all souls: anything not done in Krishna consciousness is sinful, and everything done for Krishna is pious. This is the key to harmonising everything and understanding Krishna’s revolutionary teaching at the conclusion of Srimad Bhagavad-gita and throughout Srimad Bhagavatam — Krishna’s subjective revolution of consciousness.
Srila Guru Maharaj once questioned Srila Saraswati Thakur about what should be done when a gentle devotee does something wrong. Srila Guru Maharaj was highly educated and an authority in material law. He was thinking that a devotee should be punished according to material rules when he breaks the rules or regulations, but Srila Saraswati Thakur did not agree. Srila Saraswati Thakur said, «Your forehead, that is, your future, is born from your conception. Mani-maya-mandira-madhye pasyati pipilika chidram: if you focus on the faults of a devotee then your conception will be like that of an ant. An ant enters a temple decorated with golden jewels and looks only for the holes in the walls. Only when you look for the good qualities in the devotees will your future be exalted. Only then will you proceed properly towards service.»
Srila Saraswati Thakur answered Srila Guru Maharaj in this way but did not fully answer his question. Then one day about six months later in Madras as Srila Saraswati Thakur was reading Srimad Bhagavatam in his room, a verse came before him, and he called for Srila Guru Maharaj, «Here is the answer to your question.» Srila Guru Maharaj had asked Srila Saraswati Thakur his question about the misbehaviour of devotees six months before. When Srila Saraswati Thakur said, «Here is your question’s answer,» Srila Guru Maharaj was surprised and thought, «What is my question?» When Srila Saraswati Thakur handed him the book and Srila Guru Maharaj saw the verse, he immediately remembered and understood which question Srila Saraswati Thakur was answering. That verse was,
Sva-pada-mulam bhajatah priyasya
tyaktanya-bhavasya harih paresah
vikarma yach chotpatitam kathanchid
dhunoti sarvam hrdi sannivistah51
The meaning is that it is not necessary to apply material law to dedicated devotees of the Lord. It is possible that dedicated devotees may do something wrong; their mundane body and mental position are not always in a liberated state. It is possible that they may sometimes be polluted by the illusory environment. But because they are dedicated, because they are serving the Lord and chanting His Holy Name, the Lord is living within their heart, and the Lord will clean their heart. The Lord will remove their offences by His divine influence. If they are dedicated to Krishna then He will take care of everything. It is not necessary for a dedicated devotee to do any prayaschitta, atonement.
We can also understand that a dedicated devotee will always feel anutap, regret, when they understand that they have done something wrong. They will think, «Why have I done this? It is very bad!» They will scrutinise themselves very seriously in this way, and the fire of their repentance will purify their hearts of pollution. This verse (sva-pada-mulam) is necessary for everyone to discuss and understand. There are very powerful feelings within it, and when everyone will understand it they will be purified very quickly.
Service to the Lord is transcendental, no doubt, but we cannot say when liberation will come in the life of a dedicated soul. It is also necessary for everyone to follow the material and social laws, and maintain themselves in the material world without making any disturbance in society. People are always hating others when they see them improperly following the laws of society, but no solution to that comes through hate. The only solution is dedication and service to the Lord. The Lord and the power of devotion purify the hearts of everyone and remove any and all traces of mundane desire and ego. Nothing external can do that.
Srila Guru Maharaj taught us that whenever we see a bad quality in someone it is a test given to us by Krishna to purify us. Srila Guru Maharaj gave us that vision, and we feel that if everyone will see with that type of vision, then Krishna will be happy, and everyone will be spiritually benefitted. This is so important because we live in an ocean of faults, and we can find someone with faults everywhere. Many of the spiritual practitioners around us are not perfect. We will become hopeless if we do not try to see the good qualities in others and in our environment.
A Western scholar, Katherine Mayo, once came to India to learn about Indian philosophy but after arriving she publicly criticised Indian culture. When this happened Mahatma Gandhi said, «She has not come to appreciate the wealth of India. She has come to inspect India’s drains. She is a drain inspector.» We heard this story from Srila Guru Maharaj.
We should not be drain inspectors. By Krishna’s mercy we should try to see beauty and charm everywhere. Srila Guru Maharaj said, «To err is human and to forgive is divine.» Everyone has imperfections and will sometimes do something wrong. Why should we lose our own devotional mood because of that? Through his devotional mood Srila Guru Maharaj could see goodness everywhere. He would give great respect to all devotees, and also give great respect even to persons who were against Vaisnavism.
Dedicated devotees may do something wrong but we should not act like ants that see only the holes of a golden temple (mani-maya-mandira-madhye pasyati pipilika chidram). We should not be a drain inspector looking for devotees’ faults. We have much more capacity than ants. We should see that all dedicated devotees have golden property within their hearts, and we should consciously try to recognise their good qualities.
Persons who have mundane qualifications and persons who have no mundane qualifications appear the same to Krishna. Krishna only wants our eagerness and hankering, our mood of devotion. If we have that, then Krishna will be merciful to us. Krishna is like an exalted sun: His rays can drive away all inauspiciousness from anyone. Someone’s mundane qualifications are not notable for Krishna, and someone’s mundane disqualifications are also not a problem for Krishna. In Srimad Bhagavad-gita Krishna says,
patram puspam phalam toyam yo me bhaktya prayachchhati
tad aham bhakty-upahrtam asnami prayatatmanah
«If anyone offers Me with love and devotion a leaf, flower, fruit, or water, I will affectionately accept that offering.»
murkho vadati visnaya dhiro vadati visnave
ubhayos tu samam punyam bhava-grahi janardanah
Someone who does not know proper Sanskrit grammar may offer food to the Lord saying, «Visnaya namah.» This is a common grammatical mistake. Someone who is expert in grammar will offer food to the Lord saying, «Visnave namah.» This is correct grammar. But if both persons have devotion, then the Lord will accept both of their offerings.
The Lord does not consider grammar or external qualifications; He considers the heart. He sees only someone’s mood of devotion. It is necessary to offer everything to the Lord with devotion, bhaktya prayachchhati. Without devotion nothing is actually satisfying to the Lord because the Lord is bhava-grahi Janardanah, the enjoyer of the devotee’s heart and devotional mood.
Once when I was in Puri Dham during the time of Ratha Yatra the Director General of Police of the state of Orissa came to visit me. He was very learned. His knowledge was like an ocean and he had defeated many sadhus who had come to Puri. He had read all different types of philosophy: the writings of Ramanuja, Sankar Acharya, Buddha, Confucius, Christ, and so on. No one could defeat him in debate. When I spoke with him I was very surprised to hear a very nice verse from him that is dear to all devotees:
vyadhasyacharanam dhruvasya cha vayo vidya gajendrasya ka
kubjayah kim u nama rupam adhikam kim tat sudamno dhanam
vamsah ko vidurasya yadava-pater ugrasya kim paurusam
bhaktya tusyati kevalam na cha gunair bhakti-priyo madhavah
This verse explains that Krishna consciousness does not depend upon any external qualifications, and it presents many examples from Srimad Bhagavatam to prove this. A hunter who killed deer in the jungle and did not follow Vedic culture got a chance to worship Narayan, so proper behaviour cannot be the cause of pleasing the Lord. Dhruva received Visnu’s mercy when he was only five years old, so age cannot be the cause of receiving the Lord’s mercy. Gajendra the elephant had no proper Vedic knowledge, but the Lord answered his prayer; so knowledge cannot be the cause of receiving the Lord’s grace. Kubja was not beautiful, but she satisfied the Lord with her devotion. Sudama Vipra had no money, but he satisfied the Lord through his devotion. Through these examples and others, this verse shows that the Lord is satisfied by the mood of devotion within His devotees, not their external qualifications.
When I heard this verse from the policeman I was surprised, «This man is the head of the police department but he is quoting this verse which has a purely devotional theme.» I spoke with him for about half an hour and he was very satisfied. Now by the will of Krishna he is my very good friend and wants to become my disciple.
There is also a story in the Mahabharata I have told many times about a hunter who used a Salagram-sila as a weight for his scale when he sold meat in the market to make his living. Once a brahman came by and saw the Salagram-sila on the meat scale. He chastised the hunter: «O you sinful man! You are using a Salagram-sila as a weight to sell meat. That stone is Lord Narayan Himself; you are making a great offence.»
The hunter was very simple-hearted and believed the brahman that the stone was Narayan Himself. He became afraid and apologised to the brahman: «I did not know this stone was a Salagram-sila. What should I do now?»
The brahman said, «Give me this Salagram-sila; I will make sure that it is properly worshipped.» The hunter gave the brahman the Salagram-sila, and the brahman offered the Salagram-sila tulasi, abhisek, bhoga, arati, and everything. The brahman worshipped the Salagram-sila properly according to all the rules and regulations of the Vedas, but after two or three days the Salagram-sila appeared in a dream to the brahman as Narayan Himself and said, «I was very happy swinging on the scale of that hunter. Every day he gave Me very nice nourishment in that way. You have now disturbed My mind. Please give Me back to that hunter.»
The Lord was not happy to be with someone who was simply following the rules and regulations of the Vedas. What the brahman did was not wrong; it was correct according to the Vedas. And it is the Lord Himself who gave the Vedic scriptures to society. But the Lord actually always wants to be with His exclusive devotees. The Lord considers faith, dedication, and devotion for Him to be supreme.
Unalloyed devotional mood, straight devotional spirit, is the real basis of surrender and dedication, not rules and regulations. Unalloyed surrender is Krishna’s real desire for the conditioned souls. Srila Guru Maharaj taught me this; I learned it from him, and I am following it one hundred per cent. I am trying to follow it one hundred per cent. My associates are also proceeding in that way, in the line of pure Krishna consciousness — the search for Sri Krishna Reality the Beautiful. This is the true form of religion.
Krishna is a revolutionary. Krishna makes the rules, and Krishna breaks the rules. Why? For Himself. «Reality is by Itself and for Itself.» Krishna is the Absolute Reality by Himself and for Himself. Everything is really only for His play and satisfaction. The jiva-souls who realise this revolutionary ideal experience the supreme joy of Krishna consciousness.
51 «The Supreme Lord, who resides in the hearts of His dear devotees who give up all other concerns and serve His feet, absolves any sins they happen to commit.»